The distance-based adaptive grouping protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely applied to many applications. Reducing energy consumption plays an important role in WSN. The concept of clustering is one of the popular energy-efficient protocols and it is applied to SEP, DEEC and SGCH technologies. Since the communication energy consumption depends on the communication distance, the communication distance and the residual energy of the sensor node should be considered for the clustering. In this paper, we propose a distance-based adaptive grouping protocol for the heterogeneous WSN. The energy and the distance of a group are used to generate the cluster head. This study compares the proposed method with LEACH, SEP, DEEC and SGCH with three-level heterogeneous WSN. The simulations also compare that the performances with the location of BS is outside and inside the WSN topology. Key: energy-efficient, clustering, heterogeneous